Understanding Genetic Markers for Depression: A Medical Expert’s View

In recent years, significant strides have been made in uncovering the genetic underpinnings of mental health conditions like depression. While these breakthroughs offer fascinating insights, they don’t necessarily change the clinical approach to diagnosing or treating depression. Red Health spoke with two of our leading medical experts, Clinical Psychologist and Clinical Neuropsychologist Dr Simone Shaw and Clinical Psychologist Dr Grant Blake, to explore how these findings align with their practice.

Genetics and Depression: A Complex Relationship

Depression is far from a uniform experience. As Dr Simone Shaw points out, “Depression manifests differently in each person, with a complex interplay of biopsychosocial factors.” For some, it’s the cognitive challenges—like trouble concentrating—that dominate. For others, it may be the emotional toll, such as persistent sadness or irritability.

The research recently highlighted by The Conversation touches on genetic predispositions, but for our experts, this isn’t groundbreaking. While the presence of genetic markers for depression may be novel for some, Dr Shaw stresses that mental health professionals have long recognised the role of genetics, alongside environmental factors.

Epigenetics: A Bridge Between Genes and Environment

Dr Shaw explains that epigenetics—how environmental factors influence gene expression—sits at the heart of the biopsychosocial model. “Epigenetic modifications can affect how genes related to mental health are expressed,” she says. This explains why two people with similar genetic risk factors may experience very different mental health outcomes, depending on their life experiences.

From childhood adversity to ongoing stress, the environment shapes the brain’s response to challenges. And, importantly, these changes are modifiable, giving us hope for interventions that could alter a person’s mental health trajectory.

Clinical Implications: Does This Change Treatment?

Despite these genetic insights, Dr Grant Blake emphasises that this research does not alter how mental health professionals diagnose or treat depression. “It is not standard practice to genetically test patients,” says Dr Blake. “While these findings support existing models of depression, they don’t shift the clinical process.”

Instead, he continues to use a comprehensive evaluation of a patient’s thoughts, behaviours, and emotional reactions. “The findings reinforce that depression is about more than genetics. It’s how someone thinks, feels, and interacts with the world around them,” says Dr Blake.

Looking Ahead: Where Does This Research Take Us?

While genetic markers for depression offer a new layer of understanding, it’s clear that clinicians continue to rely on a broader picture. Dr Shaw and Dr Blake agree that the future of mental health treatment will likely involve more personalised care. This includes considering genetic, psychological, and social factors to provide the most effective interventions.

As research continues, one thing remains clear: depression is a multifaceted condition that requires a nuanced approach. Genetic markers may help explain predispositions, but the environment, personal experiences, and the support we receive are equally crucial in shaping mental health outcomes.

Check out the full article on The Conversation.

Dr Grant Blake’s CV Extract

This is a short extract, correct as of 6/10/2024. For Dr Grant Blake’s full CV, please contact us.

Dr Simone Shaw’s CV Extract

This is a short extract, correct as of 6/10/2024. For Dr Simone Shaw’s full CV, please contact us.